Drill-chuck.



C. A. PALMGREN.

DRILL CHUCK.

APPucAloN min 1AN.26.19\1.

1,288,154. Patented Dec. 17, 1918.

of means by the Vcylindrical head 1 CARL A. PALMGREN, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS.

Daim-CHUCK.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Decv Kp "7, 1918.

Application filed .T anuary 26, 1917. Serial N o. 144,719.

To all 207mm, t may concern;

Be it known that I, CARL A. PALMGREN, a citizen of the United Stat-es, and a resident of Chicagon the county of Cook and State of'lllinois, have invented ce'rtain'new and useful improvements in Drill-Chucks, of which the following' is a specification, refkerencey being had to the accompanying drawings.

My-invention relates to drill chucks, and has for its principal object the provision of a new and improved form and arrangement use ofwhich a drill canv be very firmlvand very quickly locked in operative position therein. It is one of the specific objects of my invention to provide a quick-acting locking means by which a slight movement of a suitable adjusting device may be sutiicient for throwing the clamping mechanism from itsl completely unlocked position to its completely locked position. It isan- Other Object of my invention to improve drill chucks in sundry details hereinafter pointed out. The preferred means by'which I have accomplished my' several objects are illustrated in the drawings and 'arehereinafter specifically d scribed'. That which I'believe to be new and desire to cover -by this application is set forth in the claims.

In 'the drawingl Figure 1 is a side view of my improved chuck;

F ig. 2 is an end in Fig. 1; f

Fig. 3 is a transverse section through the chuck7 being taken substantially on line 3'-3 of Fig. 2; l f j f F ig. 4l is a section taken substantially on line H ofFig. 2 at right angles to the section shown in Fig. 3;

Fig. Sis a view of a member of a ball bearing. employed in my improved chuck. illustrating the manner of holding the antifriction devices in position;

Fig. 6 is a cross-section taken substantially on line 6-6 of Fig. 4; 4

IF ig. 7 isa view showing a modified form view as seen from the left y of the head portion of my improved chuck.

Referring to Figs. 1to 6, 1n which corresponding parts are indicated by the same reference characters,h

10 indicates the shank of my improved chuck, adapted to be inserted in the socket of an ordinarfv drill spindle? FiXedly mounted upon the end of theshank 10 is a 1 having a conical or tapered socket in its outer end to receive certain coacting members of the chuck, as hereinafter described. In the construction illustrated, the necessary taper of the socket is provided by employing a separable socket member 12 fitted in the 11 and preferably such socket member is revolubly mounted in the head with an antifriction bearing mounted between the end of the socket member'12 and a suitable shoulder formed in the head 11. In the construction shown, the anti-friction bearing comprises a hardened bearing ring 13, and a ball spacing ring 14 provided with a plurality of balls 15 which are freely revoluble relative to the ring 11i but are preferably held against withdrawal therefrom. The socket member 12 is held in position` by means of screws 16 mounted in the wall of the head 11 and engaging at their inner ends a circumferential groove 17 in the outer face of the socket member, as is best shownin Fig. 4.

An operating or grip sleeve 18 has a working fit about the head 1l, such sleeve 18 being provided with is xedly secured a cage 2() extending into the socket member 12 in concentric position relative to the sleeve 18. The cage 2O is in t-he form of a cylinder provided with a plurality of longitudinally-extending slots in' which are loosely mounted a plurality of jaws 2l. In the construction shown, three of the jaws 21 are provided, spaced at equal distances about the periphery of the cage 20.

The jaws 21 are held in position in the slots of the cage 20 by means of a suitable spring 22 passing through suitable openings in said jaws, as is best shown in Fig. 6, the spring 22 tending normally to hold the jaws in their outermost positions relative to the cage. By reason of the jaws 21 being of the same length as the slots in which they have a working t, such jaws are movable longitudinally with the cage, as will be readily understood.

As is clearly indicated in Figli, the inner face of the socket member 12 flares toward the outer end of said member. is thatas the cage 2O andthe jaws 21 carried thereby are moved toward the right in said Fig. 1i, such jaws are moved inward toward each other against the action of the spring 22, the outer edges of the jaws 21 lbeingso disposed as to hold the inner edges offsaid jaws in parallelism when the outer edges are outer end of the headV an end flange 19 to which;

The result I understood.

f of the head,

ing sections 24e. soA

of rollers mounted jaws against ksition socket sliowii,

groove, in the construction there shown,

in working engagement with the inner tacerk Fig il, such. jaws will be spread outward,

relative to each other by the action oi the spring .'22, such spring serving' to press the the face of the socket member 12 with ,sufficient force to .maintain `theY in? ner edges of the jaws in proper parallel porelative to each other,` By an adjustment yof the cage 2O longitudinally of itself so as to vary the position ot' the jaws with 12, the space V between the inner edges of the jaws can be` varied as desired to cause such inner edges relation to the socket member to have operative clamping engagement with drillsoi various sizes, as will be readily Means is provided for moving the cage 20 llongitudinally of itselt relative to the member 12. ln the construction this means comprises j Q3 provided in the outer 'face of the head 11, as is best shown in Fig. 3, suchv cigni 9J.. ing formed in two duplicate ,circuiiiiereinr tiallv-extenling sections on opposite sides joined byv longitudinallyextend The operating sleeve 18 is provided on its inner or runners Q5 which have a working tit/in the cani groove 25, the blocks or runnersV 25, in the construction shown, being in the Jforni upon the inner ends' of screws Q6 carried yby the sleeve 18;

readily understood, rotated relative to the head 11, the cam bloclrs Qftraveling in the cam groove 23 serve to move the sleeve 18 longitudinally of `the head 1.1. l'l ie the sleeve 18 andthe cage 2O are rotated rel ative to the head 11, the socketjnieniber 1QA `normallyrotates with such arts by reason of the provision ofthe anti-friction bear-v V ing, asY above described, whereby the wear fberf y12 in the same upon the outer edges of the jaws Qis reduced to a minimum. j

With a drill inposition between the jaws 21, which have been tightened thereon by `turning of the ysleeve118,

is transmitted `from the shank 1G 'through the kheard 11 tothe sleeve18'and the cageIQO which carries thek jaws direction. Motion is transmitted from Vthey head 11 tothe sleeve 18throiigh the medium of a cam grooveV 'ot approximately the same size is to yserted, a very slight movement of the sleeve face with cani blocks As will? when the sleeve 18 is arrangement is such` that when there is no drill in position be 25 being adapted to ypass` 21 inthe socket mem-y `the cani blocks* 23K` forV positive l'driving tation of the head 11 inthe operation of the drillis yconstantly in said head must move relative'toV the sleeve 1S; for ltightening a rotating in `the oppositevdirection relative tothe head 11s0 as to inadvertently loosen the drill in the chuck.

the direction in i. which' drill in position, there f is no danger at -any time of the sleeve 18' or runners 25 which engage the cam groove when the jaws 21 have been moved into tight engagement with" thedrill. By reason o t' the actthat the ro-` ln the drawings have shown a drill 27 in position in the desired to remove jaws j the drill'27 andr substitute another drill, this willy be accomplishedby turning the sleeve k18 in the directionfor carrying the cam blocks or' runners 25toward the left in Eig. 3, also the sleeve 1S; the cage 2O 'and the jaws 21 in the same directiony for looseningthe jaws-relativeto the drill.r If another drill 18 is suliicient for the removal of the one drill and the clamping of the substitute drill,

serving thus to carryY :21. Whenever it is be inin position because after loosening the ydrill the chuck bytiirning said sleeve already in to afslight extent in the appropriate direction, such drill may be removed" and then the sleeve may be immediately moved to the outer extremity of its' longitudinal moveit in one directionor upon which is the quicker way. For exam- Ament to fully open the jaws, 21 by rotating the other, dependingY j ple, in the construction shown in Fig. 3. Vii' Y after the removal of the drill'the cam blocks 9.5 are near 4thefinner nally extending sectionsl 24. of -ther cam groove 23, which is the case when a `comparatively smalldrill has been used.' the chuck mav be oiiiclrly opened to receive a' large,

drill bv turning the sleevey l8 in a counterclcclrwise direction as viewed inFigQ, asl

in that way the cam blocks are movedto the inner ends of saidsections bemov'ed immediately to theoiiter-'ends of said sections.Y lf. however, the cam blocks 25 are nearer the inner ends of said sections 24. which is the case when a comparatively largey drill has been'iised. the'sleeve 18 is turned in a Clockwise direction as viewed in Fig 2, thereby opening the chuck-to its widest extent to receive anew drill.A It will be seen, therefore. that in the Vconstruction referred ytol at slceve'lS is siiliicient to openA the chuck to its widest extent after the removal of a drill. In case a smalldrill is to besiibstituted for a large one, orvice versa, the operation of making the change requires `at the most only about la quarter'of a single revolution of the sleeve 18 relative to the head-'11. i

24 and may thenr most a quartergturn-of the ends ofy the longitudi-'V v iioy In the Construction shown in Fig. 7, ahead Y Y 2s is ixedly mounted upon the shank 29,`the

of the jaws under head 28 being provided with a cam groove similar to the ycam groove 23 except that the cam groove 30 extends entirely about the periphery of the head 28 in a gradual rise rather than merely half way about the head. In otherwords, the cam tion 31m lieu of t-he two longitudinally-extending portions 24 of the cam groove 23. The remaining parts of the construction to be used with the device shown in; F ig. 7 are the same as that already described except that in the construction of Fig. 7 only one of the blocks or runners 25 would be used in lieu of the two blocks or runners 25 of the construction shown of the similarity of construction, it is believed ito be unnecessary to further illustrate or describe the modified form shown lin Fig. 7. In this construction at most a half turn of the sleeve 18 is necessary to fully open the jaws of the chuck.

The construction and arrangement of my improved chuck are such that when in position upon a machine drill the sleeve 18 remains normally at its lower-most position when there is no drill in the chuck, the sleeve being adapted to descend of its own weight when a drill is removed.y I/Vhen the shank ot the drill is in position, however, between the jaws 21, with the sleeve 18 turned to be moderately tight upon the outer faces of the jaws 2l, the parts are automatically held against any change of position to the extent necessary for preventing a loosening any normal circumstances, the drill being held very firmly against turning relative to the chuck.

By the use of a socket which flares downwardly or outwardly away from the shank, I have provided a construction in which the size of the drill to be inserted is not limited by the size of the opening at the smaller end of the socket. In the use of my improved construction and arrangement, on the contrary, I am enabled to provide an opening for the reception of a drill of such size as may be desired limited merely by the possible spread of thejaws at the larger end of kthe socket independentlyof the size of the opening at the smaller end of the socket, thereby increasing the range ofV sizes `of drills which may be used in the same chuck.

While I have shown a combination in which the socketmember 12 is revoluble relative to the head 11, it will be understood that I do not wish to limit myself to this particular construction except as hereinafter specically claimed, and my claims are to be 'construed accordingly.

That which I claim as my invention, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is,-

1. In a drill chuck, the combination of a plurality of jaws, means for holding said groove 30 comprises* only a single longitudinally-extendingvpor- Y in Figs. 1 to 6. In viewv so as to cause the socket member 12 jaws movably in position for adjustment toward and from each other, and means comprising` a grip member adapted to tighten said jaws together when turned in one direction and adapted by a subsequent abrupt movement longitudinally to loosen said jaws. 1 2.' In a drill chuck, the combination of a plurality of jaws, means for holding said jaws movably in position for' adjustment toward and from each other, and means comprising a grip member adapted by a partial rotation to tighten said jaws together and adapted by intermediate longitudinal movement to loosen said jaws.

3. In a ydrill chuck, the combination of a plurality of jaws, means for holding said jaws movably in position for adjustment toward and from each other, and means comprising a grip member adapted by successive partial rotations to tighten said jaws together and adapted by intermediate longitudinal movements to loosen said jaws.

4. In a drill chuck, the combination of a head, a plurality of jaws movable relative to said head for adjustment toward and from each other, a sleeve revolubly and slidably mounted relative to said head, connections between said head and said sleeve adapted to cause the sleeve t0 move longitudinally when given a partial rotation and adapted at a cert-ain point to permit longitudinal movement of the sleeve independently of any substantial rotary movement, and means adapted upon longitudinal movement of the sleeve in one direction to move said jaws toward each other. Y

5. In a drill chuck, the combinationof a head member, a plurality of jaws movable relative to said head member for adjustment toward and from each other, a sleeve member revolu'bly and slidably mounted on said head member, means adapted upon longitudinal movement of the sleeve in one direction to move said jaws toward each other, and a cam block carried by one of said members adapted by engagement with a suitable cam groove in the other of said members to cause said sleeve member to move longitudinally upon a. rotary movement of the sleeve member and adapted at a certain point to permit the sleeve to move longitudinally independently of any substantial rotary movement. Y

6. In a. dril chuck, the combination of a plurality of jaws, means for holding said jaws movably in position for adjustment toward and from each other, and means comprising a rotary grip member adapted by a single complete rotation to move said jaws a plurality of times through the limits of their adjustment relative to each other.

7. In a drill chuck, the combination of a socket member iiaring outwardly toward its outer end, a cage extending into said socket member from its outer end, a plurality of de Lass jaws adjustably mounted inv said cage and* i movable longitudinally therewith,` and means Gif.

rotatable to move said cage and said socketv member longitudinally relative to each other andbeing capable'alsov of longitudinal movement independently of its rotarymovement to adjust the jaws toward and from eachv 8. In a drill chuck, the combination of a head,'comprising` a socket member held against longitudinal movement relative thereto, a cage extending into said socket member from its outer end, a plurality of adjustably mounted in said cage an movable longitudinally therewith, and means "rotatableto move said cage longitudinally vrupon said socket member,

'table' to move said cagey longitudmallyv of 'dependently oft its rotary relative thereto, said y `jaws nally-disposed and meansl rota- Y said socket member andbeing capable also Y V"to f move thek jaws f :member and y tudinally independently of its4 rotation to of longitudinal movement 'independently loi its rotary movement for moving said cage longitudinally. r j l0. ln drill chuck, the combinationy ot a i head eomprisinga socket member revolubly mounted relative thereto, a 'plurali yof jaws having diagonally-disposed bearings in said socket member, and means rotatable to `move said jaws longitudinally in unison relative to said socket lmemberand being 'movable longitudinally independently of its rotation y toward and trom each other jalong said diagonal bearings.

lll lua drill chuck, theeombination of a head, comprising a socket member, a second member relative'to which said socket `member-is revolubly mounted, and.` anti-friction` meansinterposed between said members, a Yplurality fot jaws having diagonally-dis-l posed bearingsin said socketmember, an means :rotatable to moveV said jaws longitudinally in unison relative to said socket being capable o moving longimove the jaws towardfandroin each other s ,along said diagonal bearings.

jive cents Genies of this patent may f Washingt he obtained yfor said .socket member,

I adapted,

`blcck'carried bysaid I suitable camv groove inthe 1; outer tace oiizsaid head to cause said'sleeve y to move longitudinally upon a rotary move ment ofthe sleeve and adapted at a certain Yl2. Adrill chuck comprisingA aV socket y` member, a sleeve revolubly mounted relative to said socketmemb'er'and adaptedl to move longitudinally o-said socketmember inde a cage connected withr Y said sleeve andextending into ksaid 'socket j pendently ot rotation,

member, ai plurality votl'jaws :mounted in said cage adapted to 'move longitudinally therewith and to move radially relative thereto, said' jaw-s havingposed` bearingsat their iouter edges upon andV means whereby said ksleeve when rotated will be caused to move longitudinally relative-.to said socket member.-

diagonally-dis'-` V13. ln a. drill chuck,thedcombination or y a head comprising a socketmember revolublv mounted relative thereto', a sleeve rev olubly mounted relative to said'liead and also aclaptedtoinove longitudinally ot said head, a cageconnected,with lsaid sleeve and extendinginto said'socket member, a plu-L rality of jaws mounted in said. cagey adapted to move longitudinally therewith and'to move radially relative cliagonally-clisposed bearings at edges upon said socket membenandL connections between said sleeve and said head adapted to cause the sleeve toy move longitudinally or moving said jaws towardeach other whenfgiven a rotary movement relative to the head and adapted at a certain noint ,in its rotation toipermit longitudinal movement'of the sleeve independently of rotary movement..

lll. ln ua drill chuck, the combination of head comprising socket member revolu` bly monted relativethereto, a sleeve revolubly mounted relativeto said; head and also to move longitudinally of said head, a .ca ge connected with said sleeve jaws mounted in said cageiadapted to move `longitudinallyv Vtherewith diallyfrelative thereto, vsaidrtj awso having diagonally-disposed ybearings atftheir outer s edges upon said socket member, and a camsleeve adapted by engagement with a to move longivpoint to permit the sleeve tudin'ally independently yof rotary move ment.

each, by addressing the Commissioner of Patents, einfllt. Y i i oasi, afrannonnu. y

thereto, lsaid jaws having their youter, f

a d eXt-end- `ing into said 'socketrmemben aplurality of f Y 

